Umar
![Calligraphic seal featuring Umar's name, on display in the [[Hagia Sophia]], Istanbul](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Hagia_Sopia_6163502494_%28cropped%29.jpg)
Umar initially opposed Muhammad, his distant Qurayshite kinsman and later son-in-law. Following his conversion to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. Umar participated in almost all battles and expeditions under Muhammad, who bestowed the title ''al-Fārūq'' upon him, for his judgements. After Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr () as the first caliph and served as the closest adviser to the latter until August 634, when the dying Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor.
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering the Sasanian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire. His attacks against the Sasanian Empire resulted in the conquest of Persia in less than two years (642–644). According to Jewish tradition, Umar set aside the Christian ban on Jews and allowed them into Jerusalem and to worship. Umar was assassinated by the Persian slave Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz in 644.
Umar is generally viewed by historians to be one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. He is revered in the Sunni Islamic tradition as a great just ruler and paragon of Islamic virtues, and some hadiths identify him as the second greatest of the Sahabah after Abu Bakr. However, he is viewed negatively in the Twelver Shia tradition. Provided by Wikipedia
3241
3242
3243
by Yusoff, Khatijah, Tan, Wen Siang, Omar, Abdul Rahman, Ali, Abdul Manaf, Mohamed, Maizan, Mohd Lila, Mohd Azmi, Arshad, Siti Suri, Ideris, Aini, Tan, Chong Seng, Sipat, Abdullah
Published 2002
View full textPublished 2002
Monograph
3244
3245
by Ibrahim, H. H., Jesse, F. F. A., Abba, Y., Chung, E. L. T., Marza, A. D., Haron, A. W., Zamri-Saad, M., Omar, A. R., Saharee, A. A.
Published 2016
View full textPublished 2016
Article
3246
3247
3248
3249
by Abdullah, Muhammad Nazrul Hakim, Rosli, Mohd Hafiz, Omar Fauzee, Mohd Sofian, Asmuni, Mohamad Nizam, Salleh, Ahmad Naszeri, Abdullah Zawawi, Ahmad Tajudin, Mohd Saderi, Shahrizal, Abdul Latif, Rozita
Published 2013
View full textPublished 2013
Conference or Workshop Item
3250
3251
3252
by Tang, Hooi Chia, Sieo, Chin Chin, Abdullah, Norhani, Chong, Chun Wie, Gan, Han Ming, Mohd Asrore, Mohd Shaufi, Yong, Chean Yeah, Omar, Abdul Rahman, Ho, Yin Wan
Published 2020
View full textPublished 2020
Article
3253
3254
3255
3256
by M. M. Bukar, H. Wahid, G. K. Dhaliwal, Y. Rosnina, M. A. Omar, F. Fakar, K. Heri, I.N.Sapto, K.Wiwin, G. K. Mohd Azam Khan
Published 2013
View full textPublished 2013
Proceedings Paper
3257
by Wan Fazilah Fazlil Ilahi, Nur Hidayu Abu Hassan, Mohd Razi Ismail, Nik Norasma Che’Ya, Zulkarami Berahim, Mohamad Husni Omar, Nurul Idayu Zakaria, Mohamed Azwan Mohamed Zawawi
Published 2023
View full textPublished 2023
Journal Contribution
3258
3259