Umar
![Calligraphic seal featuring Umar's name, on display in the [[Hagia Sophia]], Istanbul](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Hagia_Sopia_6163502494_%28cropped%29.jpg)
Umar initially opposed Muhammad, his distant Qurayshite kinsman and later son-in-law. Following his conversion to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. Umar participated in almost all battles and expeditions under Muhammad, who bestowed the title ''al-Fārūq'' upon him, for his judgements. After Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr () as the first caliph and served as the closest adviser to the latter until August 634, when the dying Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor.
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering the Sasanian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire. His attacks against the Sasanian Empire resulted in the conquest of Persia in less than two years (642–644). According to Jewish tradition, Umar set aside the Christian ban on Jews and allowed them into Jerusalem and to worship. Umar was assassinated by the Persian slave Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz in 644.
Umar is generally viewed by historians to be one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. He is revered in the Sunni Islamic tradition as a great just ruler and paragon of Islamic virtues, and some hadiths identify him as the second greatest of the Sahabah after Abu Bakr. However, he is viewed negatively in the Twelver Shia tradition. Provided by Wikipedia
3501
Published 2003
Other Authors:
“...Ayyoubi, Omar....”
Book
3502
Published 2002
Other Authors:
“...Khairuddin Omar....”
Conference Proceeding
Book
3503
Published 2004
Other Authors:
“...Mohamed Anwar Omar Din....”
Conference Proceeding
Book
3504
Published 2004
Other Authors:
“...Mohamed Anwar Omar Din....”
Book
3505
Published 2012
Other Authors:
“...Omar Osman....”
Book
3506
3507
Published 2010
Other Authors:
“...Omar Yusoff....”
Conference Proceeding
Book
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
Published 2006
Other Authors:
“...Mohd. Sofian Omar Fauzee, 1962-....”
Book
3514
3515
Published 1991
Other Authors:
“...Elyas Omar, Tan Sri Dato'....”
Book
3516
3517
Published 2003
Other Authors:
“...Mohd. Sofian Omar Fauzee, 1962-....”
Book
3518
Published 2002
Other Authors:
“...Husaini Omar....”
Book
3519
Published 1979
Other Authors:
“...Omar Abdul Rahman....”
Book
3520
Published 1979
Other Authors:
“...Omar Abdul Rahman....”
Book