Umar
![Calligraphic seal featuring Umar's name, on display in the [[Hagia Sophia]], Istanbul](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Hagia_Sopia_6163502494_%28cropped%29.jpg)
Umar initially opposed Muhammad, his distant Qurayshite kinsman and later son-in-law. Following his conversion to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. Umar participated in almost all battles and expeditions under Muhammad, who bestowed the title ''al-Fārūq'' upon him, for his judgements. After Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr () as the first caliph and served as the closest adviser to the latter until August 634, when the dying Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor.
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering the Sasanian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire. His attacks against the Sasanian Empire resulted in the conquest of Persia in less than two years (642–644). According to Jewish tradition, Umar set aside the Christian ban on Jews and allowed them into Jerusalem and to worship. Umar was assassinated by the Persian slave Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz in 644.
Umar is generally viewed by historians to be one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. He is revered in the Sunni Islamic tradition as a great just ruler and paragon of Islamic virtues, and some hadiths identify him as the second greatest of the Sahabah after Abu Bakr. However, he is viewed negatively in the Twelver Shia tradition. Provided by Wikipedia
3641
by Coedes, G.
Published 2009
Other Authors:
“...Asmah Haji Omar, Prof. Dato' Dr. Hajah, 1940-....”Published 2009
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3642
Published 2005
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“...Syed Omar Syed Agil....”
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3643
by Panglima Ali Mudin Panglima Hasan.
Published 1985
Other Authors:
“...Asmah Haji Omar, Prof. Dato' Dr. Hajah, 1940-....”Published 1985
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3644
Published 2021
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“...W. Omar Ali Saifuddin Wan Ismail,...”
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3645
3646
3647
Published 1995
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“...Idris Omar,...”
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3648
3649
Published 2014
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“...M.A. Omar,...”
Conference Proceeding
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3650
Published 2013
Other Authors:
“...Mohd. Ariff Omar,...”
Conference Proceeding
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3651
Published 2016
Other Authors:
“...Asmah Omar,...”
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3652
3653
3654
Published 2006
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“...Syed Ahmad Tarmizi Syed Omar....”
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3655
Published 2012
Other Authors:
“...Mohamed Ariff Omar,...”
Conference Proceeding
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3656
3657
Published 1997
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“...Mohammed Omar, Prof.,...”
Conference Proceeding
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3658
Published 2013
Other Authors:
“...Mohamed Ariff Omar,...”
Conference Proceeding
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3659
Published 2014
Other Authors:
“...Siti Zobidah Omar, Prof. Madya, Dr,...”
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3660
Other Authors:
“...Wan Azizah Wan Omar,...”
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