Umar
![Calligraphic seal featuring Umar's name, on display in the [[Hagia Sophia]], Istanbul](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Hagia_Sopia_6163502494_%28cropped%29.jpg)
Umar initially opposed Muhammad, his distant Qurayshite kinsman and later son-in-law. Following his conversion to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. Umar participated in almost all battles and expeditions under Muhammad, who bestowed the title ''al-Fārūq'' upon him, for his judgements. After Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr () as the first caliph and served as the closest adviser to the latter until August 634, when the dying Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor.
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering the Sasanian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire. His attacks against the Sasanian Empire resulted in the conquest of Persia in less than two years (642–644). According to Jewish tradition, Umar set aside the Christian ban on Jews and allowed them into Jerusalem and to worship. Umar was assassinated by the Persian slave Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz in 644.
Umar is generally viewed by historians to be one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. He is revered in the Sunni Islamic tradition as a great just ruler and paragon of Islamic virtues, and some hadiths identify him as the second greatest of the Sahabah after Abu Bakr. However, he is viewed negatively in the Twelver Shia tradition. Provided by Wikipedia
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by Rehman, Munib Ur, Rather, Gh Hassan, Gull, Yasmeen, Mir, Mohmad Ramzan, Mir, Mohd Maqbool, Waida, Umar Iqbal, Hakeem, Khalid Rehman
Published 2015
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Book Section
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by Mohammed Kalgo, Hauwa, Jasni, Azmiza Syawani, Abdul Hadi, Siti Rohani, Umar, Nurul Huda, Hamzah, Siti Nur Adila, Awang Hamat, Rukman
Published 2018
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by Meleh, Hadiza Umar, Choo, Sulin, Mohd Desa, Mohd Nasir, Chew, Shu Yih, Rangasamy, Premmala, Hassan, Haslinda, Than, Leslie Thian Lung
Published 2020
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by Bukar, Umar Ali, Sidi, Fatimah, A. Jabar, Marzanah, Nor, Rozi Nor Haizan, Abdullah, Salfarina, Ishak, Iskandar, Alabadla, Mustafa, Alkhalifah, Ali
Published 2022
Published 2022
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by Ismail, Maznah, Alsalahi, Abdulsamad, Imam, Mustapha Umar, Ooi, Der Jiun, Khaza'ai, Huzwah, Aljaberi, Musheer Abdulwahid, Shamsudin, Mad Nasir, Idrus, Zulkifli
Published 2020
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by Ahmad, Ahmad Fahad, Ab. Aziz, Sidek, Obaiys, Suzan Jabbar, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Samikannu, Kanagesan, Aliyu, Umar Sa'as
Published 2020
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by Kura, Nura Umar, Ramli, Mohammad Firuz, Ibrahim, Shaharin, Sulaiman, Wan Nor Azmin, Aris, Ahmad Zaharin, Tanko, Adamu Idris, Zaudi, Muhammad Amar
Published 2015
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by Elhadi, Rasheida E., Abdullah, Ahmad Makmom, Abdullah, Abdul Halim, Ash’aari, Zulfa Hanan, Kura, Nura Umar, D. Y., Gumel, Adamu, Abdullahi
Published 2017
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by Ibrahim Hammadi, Nahidah, Abba, Yusuf, Mohd Noor, Mohd Hezmee, Abdul Razak, Intan Shameha, Kura, Aminu Umar, Abu Bakar @ Zakaria, Md Zuki
Published 2017
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Article
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by Umar, Saidu Alhassan, Omi, Fariba Samia, Utaberta, Nangkula, Ismail, Nor Atiah, Mohd Ariffin, Noor Fazamimah, Mohd Yunos, Mohd Yazid, Ismail, Sumarni
Published 2015
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