TY  - GEN
T1  - Brontispa longissima, New Invasive Pest of Coconut in Malaysia.
A1  - Wan Khairul Anuar Wan Ali
LA  - English
PB  - Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute
YR  - 2013
UL  - http://discoverylib.upm.edu.my/discovery/Record/oai:http:--agris.upm.edu.my:0-2571
AB  - The coconut hispine beetle, Brontispa longissima Gestro is a major invasive pest in many coconut growing countries. Since 2005, it has been reported in Malaysia and hitherto found throughout the country causing significant losses to many palms, including coconut. Field incidence and severity on different palms showed that the MAT AG variety had the highest damage score compared to Malayan Yellow Dwarf and the Manila palm, Veitchia merrili. So far, it has not been found infesting oil palm.  In the laboratory, the adult lived up to 60 - 90 days. The female laid up to 100 eggs during its life span. The egg is brown and was laid single or in-groups. Each egg measured  1.8 mm - 2.0 mm in length and 0.9 mm - 1.0 mm in width. Eggs hatched in a minimum and maximum period of2 -3 days and 3 - 6 days, respectively. The newly hatched larva was whitish, later turned to yellowish and had an average length of2 mm. The older larvae had an average length of 7.0 mm - 8.0 mm. B. longissima underwent four larval instars. The total development period of larvae varied from 20 - 30 days. The pupal period was 3 - 7 days. The total developmental period from egg to adult took 35 to 42 days.  In laboratory tests, both chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin (Nurelle R ;0.05% a.i) and filtered jatropha oil (1.0 % a.i.) gave 100 percent mortality on adults at 24 h compared to neem oil (NeemazalR ;1.2% a.i.) and the untreated check (water only). However, adults form both treatments died at 48 h. Mortality at 24 h B. longissima larva using Nurelle Rand neem oil was numerically higher compared with jatropha oil but was not statistically significant different (p0.05). However, treatment with neem oil showed higher mortality of larva followed by jatropha oil and NurelleR at 48 h of treatment. The parasitoid, Asecodes hispinarum (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was found also on the larva of B. longissima.
KW  - Coconuts
KW  - Beetles
KW  - Pest control
KW  - Plant pests
KW  - Insect pests
KW  - Animal ecology
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Malaysia
ER  -