Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment
Nanomedicine-based drug-delivery systems have significant interest in cancer treatment, such as improving the stabilities and biocompatibilities, precise targeting, and reducing toxicities for non-cancerous cells. Herein, this study presents the synthesis and characterisation of carbonate apatite na...
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2022
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oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:100538 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100538/ Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment Maarof, Nian N. N. Abdulmalek, Emilia Fakurazi, Sharida Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin Nanomedicine-based drug-delivery systems have significant interest in cancer treatment, such as improving the stabilities and biocompatibilities, precise targeting, and reducing toxicities for non-cancerous cells. Herein, this study presents the synthesis and characterisation of carbonate apatite nanoparticles (nCA) and encapsulated afatinib (AFA) as promising drug delivery candidates for lung cancer treatment. nCA/AFA was synthesised and physicochemically characterised, then the encapsulation capacity, drug loading, and cumulative drug release profile were evaluated. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) confirmed that the synthesised nCA is apatite. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed the drug loading into the nanoparticles. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) determined the morphology of nCA and nCA/AFA and the diameters of 47.36 ± 3.16 and 42.97 ± 2.78 nm, respectively, without an unaltered nCA phase. Encapsulation efficiency (%) and drug loading (%) were 55.08% ± 1.68% and 8.19% ± 0.52%. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and dynamic light-scattering (DLS) results revealed that the synthesised nCA is mesoporous, with a surface area of 55.53 m2/g, and is negatively charged. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed increasing roughness of nCA/AFA compared to nCA. The drug release from the nano-formulation nCA/AFA demonstrated slow and sustained release compared to the pure drug. Accordingly, nCA/AFA represents a promising drug delivery system for NSCLC treatment. MDPI 2022-06-10 Article PeerReviewed Maarof, Nian N. N. and Abdulmalek, Emilia and Fakurazi, Sharida and Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin (2022) Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment. Pharmaceutics, 14 (6). art. no. 1230. pp. 1-18. ISSN 1999-4923 https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/6/1230 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061230 |
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Nanomedicine-based drug-delivery systems have significant interest in cancer treatment, such as improving the stabilities and biocompatibilities, precise targeting, and reducing toxicities for non-cancerous cells. Herein, this study presents the synthesis and characterisation of carbonate apatite nanoparticles (nCA) and encapsulated afatinib (AFA) as promising drug delivery candidates for lung cancer treatment. nCA/AFA was synthesised and physicochemically characterised, then the encapsulation capacity, drug loading, and cumulative drug release profile were evaluated. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) confirmed that the synthesised nCA is apatite. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed the drug loading into the nanoparticles. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) determined the morphology of nCA and nCA/AFA and the diameters of 47.36 ± 3.16 and 42.97 ± 2.78 nm, respectively, without an unaltered nCA phase. Encapsulation efficiency (%) and drug loading (%) were 55.08% ± 1.68% and 8.19% ± 0.52%. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and dynamic light-scattering (DLS) results revealed that the synthesised nCA is mesoporous, with a surface area of 55.53 m2/g, and is negatively charged. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed increasing roughness of nCA/AFA compared to nCA. The drug release from the nano-formulation nCA/AFA demonstrated slow and sustained release compared to the pure drug. Accordingly, nCA/AFA represents a promising drug delivery system for NSCLC treatment. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Maarof, Nian N. N. Abdulmalek, Emilia Fakurazi, Sharida Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin |
| spellingShingle |
Maarof, Nian N. N. Abdulmalek, Emilia Fakurazi, Sharida Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment |
| author_facet |
Maarof, Nian N. N. Abdulmalek, Emilia Fakurazi, Sharida Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin |
| author_sort |
Maarof, Nian N. N. |
| title |
Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment |
| title_short |
Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment |
| title_full |
Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment |
| title_fullStr |
Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment |
| title_sort |
biodegradable carbonate apatite nanoparticle as a delivery system to promote afatinib delivery for non-small cell lung cancer treatment |
| publisher |
MDPI |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| _version_ |
1819301196261752832 |
| score |
13.4562235 |