TY  - THES
T1  - Effect of Inulin and Fermented Feed Additive on Growth and Nitrogen Balance in Pig
A1  - Wang, Weishan
LA  - English
LA  - English
YR  - 2005
UL  - http://discoverylib.upm.edu.my/discovery/Record/oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:6215
AB  - Three experiments were conducted to determine the dietary crude protein (CP) level,
inulin, and local available fermented feed additive (FFA) on growth, nitrogen (N)
balance and fecal characteristics in growing pigs. Experiment 1 studied the fecal
microflora fermentation using inulin compared with CMC in vitro. Gas volume, total
volatile fatty acids (VFA) and purine bases (PB) concentrations of inulin
fermentation were higher (P<O. 05) than the CMC.
Experiment 2 investigated the dietary CP level and addition of inulin on growth,
nitrogen balance and fecal characteristics in growing pigs. Twenty-four crossbred
barrows (Duroc x Large white x Landrace) of an average body weight of 40 kg were
used to conduct a 28-day experiment. The diet treatments were two levels of CP,
18% and 14% with or without 0.3% inulin addition. Daily live weight gain (DLWG)
and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not affected (P>0.05) by the dietary treatments.
However, N intake and N excretion were decreased (P<0.05) with reduced CP level.
Addition of inulin without further effect on the total amount of N excretion, but
tended to shift N excretion from urine to feces. Higher (P<0.05) lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and lower (P<O.05) Enterobacteriaceae counts in feces for pigs fed with 14%
CP and 14% CP + 0.3% inulin were observed.
The hypothesis that addition of inulin and FFA would affect gastrointestinal (GIT)
microorganisms, hence to improve N utilization was validated in Experiment 3.
Twenty-four crossbred barrows (Duroc x Large White x Landrace) of an average
body weight 65 kg were used in the 28-day experiment. Dietary treatments were
addition of0.3% inulin (IN), 4% fermented feed additive (FFA), or their combination
(IN + FFA). Pigs fed with IN + FFA had a higher (P<O.05) DLWG and a lower
(P<0.05) FCR compared with other treatment groups. The quantity of total N
excretion was not significantly (P>O.05) different among treatment groups, however,
N excretion pattern tended to shift from urinary N excretion to fecal N excretion
(P>O.05). Higher (P<O.05) LAB and lower (P<O.05) Enterobacteriaceae counts in
feces for pigs fed with IN, FFA and IN + FFA compared to the pigs fed control diet
were observed.
It is concluded that inulin is readily fermented by GIT microbes. The inclusion of
inulin or fermented feed additive, or both in the diets cannot reduce total N excretion
but they can shift N excretion from urine to feces in growing pigs. N excretion can be
decreased by reducing dietary protein from 18% to 14% without affecting the
DLWG and FeR of growing pigs. The addition of inulin with fermented feed
additive in the diet can improve DLWG and FCR. Reducing dietary CP level,
inclusion of inulin or fermented feed additive, or both in the diets can modify GIT
microorganism toward to a beneficially balance. In summary, inulin and fermented feed additive inclusion, along with the manipulation of dietary protein levels in pig
diet, is a viable avenue to reduce nitrogen excretion in growing pigs.
KW  - Swine - Growth - Case studies
ER  -