TY  - THES
T1  - Volatile Compounds and Biological Activities of Extracts of Cananga Odorata and its Petal-Derived Callus
A1  - Zain, Nurazah
LA  - English
LA  - English
YR  - 2009
UL  - http://discoverylib.upm.edu.my/discovery/Record/oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:9829
AB  - Ylang-ylang is a flower of Cananga odorata (family of Annonaceae) tree or locally
known as "kenanga". The flowers produce pleasant, sweet-scented and high value
essential (volatile) oil that is widely used as aromatherapy and in perfumery
industries. The importance of volatile oil in C. odorata has led to the alternative
production of volatile compounds through plant cell culture such as callus and cell
suspension culture. In this study, optimization of pH of the culture medium, different
light incubation, plant growth regulators and carbon sources were conducted to
develop a suitable growth medium for C. odorata petal-derived callus induction. The
essential oil from flower, leaf and petal-derived callus of C. odorata were extracted
through hydro-distillation process using simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and analysis of the volatile compounds were performed by using gas chromatography
equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). On the other hand, the biological
properties of C. odorata flower, leaf and petal-derived callus were evaluated by using
antioxidant, antimicrobial and seed germination assays. Results showed that C.
odorata callus was best induced from petals of the C. odorata flowers, which
cultured on basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, Gamborg (B5) vitamins
containing 30 g/L sucrose and 3 g/L agar supplemented with 3 mg/L NAA plus 0.5
mg/L BAP which gave the highest growth (0.98 ± 0.00 g/culture FW) at pH 5.7, 25 ±
2 oC and in dark condition after 4 weeks of culture. The volatile compounds detected
by GC-FID from C. odorata flower essential oils were such as limonene, linalool,
benzyl acetate and β-caryophyllene. While, from the leaf essential oils were α-pinene
and β -caryophyllene. However, none of the volatile compounds mentioned above
was detected from C. odorata petal-derived callus. The essential oil obtained from C.
odorata flower and leaf showed antioxidant activity, especially in inhibiting lipid
peroxidation. Result from antibacterial assay showed that flower essential oil was
able to inhibit the growth of bacterial strains tested. The flower and leaf essential oil
of C. odorata also showed antifungal activity against fungal strains tested. In seed
germination assay, the germination percentage of Brassica nigra seeds was reduced
when exposed to C. odorata flower and leaf essential oils at concentration of more
than 2 mg/ml. The biological properties of C. odorata essential oils were possibly
due to the presence of volatile compounds such as linalool, eugenol and other volatile
compounds that could cause synergistic effects.
KW  - Aromatic plants
KW  - Annonaceae
ER  -