Development of tapered optical fiber-based sensor for detection of dengue II e proteins
The escalating cases of dengue around the globe has become a major public health concern with an estimation of 300 million infections, annually. Due to the absence of a cure and a narrow time window for successful detection, survival relies heavily on sensitive, reliable, rapid and accurate diagn...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2018
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| Online Access: | http://ethesis.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/13132/1/FK%202018%2069%20T.pdf |
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| Summary: | The escalating cases of dengue around the globe has become a major public health
concern with an estimation of 300 million infections, annually. Due to the absence of
a cure and a narrow time window for successful detection, survival relies heavily on
sensitive, reliable, rapid and accurate diagnostics that would facilitate better clinical
management and control over the epidemic. The underlying problem in managing the
disease heightens when conventional diagnostics that are available today have crucial
set-backs impeding efficient surveillance of the disease. For the past decade, tapered
single-mode fibers have exhibited versatility and enticing sensitivity towards changes
of its surrounding refractive index, making it favorable to be employed in sensing
systems. The research work demonstrates the development of label-free tapered
optical fiber-based sensor for the detection of dengue II E proteins. The sensing
principle lies within the reaction of evanescent waves driven from the tapering of the
optical fiber, towards changes within the external surrounding, in which would
produce measurable response that enables to determine the concentration of the
proteins. To ensure its selectivity, dengue II E protein complimentary antibodies were
immobilized onto the surface of the tapered fiber. The proposed setup obtained a
comparable sensitivity of 5.44 nm/nM with a detection limit of 1 pM within a short
response time. For further performance enhancement of the sensing system, graphene
oxide (GO) and polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer were integrated to promote
higher surface to volume ratio, homogenous adhesion and better molecular
orientation. The characteristics of these two nanomaterials are expected to increase the
sensitivity of the sensor and its affinity towards dengue II E proteins. With both
nanomaterials tested individually as enhancement layers onto the tapered fiber, better
sensitivity was obtained when compared to the sensitivity obtained before, with values
for PAMAM and GO at 19.53 nm/nM and 12.77 nm/nM, respectively. However, when
both layers were applied onto the same tapered fiber, the performance of the sensor
was not as satisfactory as PAMAM alone, as it only managed to achieve a sensitivity value of 13.25 nm/nM. Noting that optical fibers are inexpensive, flexible, and now
has shown promising performance in the detection of the dengue virus, it is anticipated
of this work to be the first vital steps towards the development of better dengue
diagnostics. |
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