Palm oil: Malaysia's gift to the global aquafeed industry
Aquaculture is currently the fastest growing animal production sector in the world and the industry is expected to continue to expand at a rapid pace to meet the seafood demand of a growing human population. This predicted increase in aquaculture production must be supported by a corresponding incre...
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| Format: | Book Section |
| Language: | English |
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Malaysian Fisheries Society
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://agris.upm.edu.my:8080/dspace/handle/0/13236 |
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| Summary: | Aquaculture is currently the fastest growing animal production sector in the world and the industry is expected to continue to expand at a rapid pace to meet the seafood demand of a growing human population. This predicted increase in aquaculture production must be supported by a corresponding increase in the production of formulated feeds for the cultured aquatic animals. One important ingredient used in the formulation of commercial aquafeeds is marine fish oil. It has been estimated that aquafeeds currently uses about 70% of the global supply of fish oil and by the year 2010, fish oil use in aquaculture will be about 97% of the world supply. Fish oil is produced from small marine pelagic fish and represents finite fishery resources. Over the past decade, global fish oil production has reached a plateau due to over-exploitation of many capture fisheries. Therefore, in order to sustain the rapid growth of the global aquaculture industry, it is becoming increasingly crucial for the aquafeed industry to evaluate alternatives to fish oils. One potential replacement for fish oil in aquafeeds is palm oil. Global production of crude palm oil (CPO) exceeds 28 million tons and is predicted to surpass soybean oil production within the next decade making it the most abundant vegetable oil in the world. Palm oil represents a highly available and sustainable source of lipid for the aquafeed industry. When freshly extracted, CPO is the richest known natural source of beta-carotene and is also a rich source of vitamin E, consisting of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Malaysia is currently the world leader in palm oil production. The technological and economic advantages of palm oil over other vegetable oils were explained in this review article. The rapid expansion of the oil palm industry in Malaysia gave rise to sustainable sources of various palm oil products that can be used in aquafeed formulations. The various benefits of palm oil use in aquafeeds were reviewed; reduction in rancidity and oil leakage in feeds, comparable growth and feed utilization efficiency, as a superior energy source, the deposition of vitamin E and positive effects on fish fillets. Constraints in the use of palm oil in aquafeeds include reduction in beneficial n-3 fatty acids in fish fillets and the reduc tion in nutrient digestibilities during the winter season were also discussed. |
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