Umar
![Calligraphic seal featuring Umar's name, on display in the [[Hagia Sophia]], Istanbul](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Hagia_Sopia_6163502494_%28cropped%29.jpg)
Umar initially opposed Muhammad, his distant Qurayshite kinsman and later son-in-law. Following his conversion to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. Umar participated in almost all battles and expeditions under Muhammad, who bestowed the title ''al-Fārūq'' upon him, for his judgements. After Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr () as the first caliph and served as the closest adviser to the latter until August 634, when the dying Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor.
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering the Sasanian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire. His attacks against the Sasanian Empire resulted in the conquest of Persia in less than two years (642–644). According to Jewish tradition, Umar set aside the Christian ban on Jews and allowed them into Jerusalem and to worship. Umar was assassinated by the Persian slave Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz in 644.
Umar is generally viewed by historians to be one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. He is revered in the Sunni Islamic tradition as a great just ruler and paragon of Islamic virtues, and some hadiths identify him as the second greatest of the Sahabah after Abu Bakr. However, he is viewed negatively in the Twelver Shia tradition. Provided by Wikipedia
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by Abd Gani, Shafinaz, Muhammad, Suleiman Alhaji, Kura, Aminu Umar, Barahuie, Farahnaz, Hussein, Mohd Zobir, Fakurazi, Sharida
Published 2019
View full textPublished 2019
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by Azmi, Nur Hanisah, Ismail, Maznah, Ismail, Norsharina, Imam, Mustapha Umar, Mohamed Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu, Abdullah, Maizaton Atmadini
Published 2015
View full textPublished 2015
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by Umar, Rahayu Utami, Sukari, Mohd Aspollah, Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza, Abdul, Ahmad Bustamam, Lajis, Nordin, Rahmani, Mawardi
Published 2009
View full textPublished 2009
Conference or Workshop Item
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by Choong, Yew Keong, Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin, Mohamed, Suhaila, Ali, Abdul Manaf, Umar, Nor Aini, Tong, Chow Chin
Published 2008
View full textPublished 2008
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